50 Palavras Essenciais de TI em Inglês que Todo Tech Lead e Product Manager Precisa Dominar
De 'sprint planning' a 'tech debt': o vocabulário que define liderança técnica em empresas globais.
Quando usar: Para CTOs, tech leads, engineering managers, product managers e devs seniores que participam de standups, sprint reviews e architecture discussions com times distribuídos globalmente.
Frases prontas para usar
Agile e Gestão de Projetos
Sprint / Iteration — 'We're planning a 2-week sprint starting Monday with 42 story points committed'
Backlog — 'The product backlog has 180 items—we need to prioritize ruthlessly'
Story Points — 'This epic is estimated at 34 story points across 3 sprints'
Standup / Daily — 'In today's standup, the blocker is the API dependency on the payments team'
Retrospective / Retro — 'Action items from the retro: improve PR review turnaround and reduce meeting load'
Velocity — 'Team velocity has been consistent at 38-42 points per sprint'
Blocker — 'The main blocker is waiting for the security review from the infosec team'
Spike — 'We need a 3-day spike to evaluate whether GraphQL fits our use case'
Epic / User Story — 'The epic covers the entire checkout redesign—broken into 12 user stories'
Definition of Done (DoD) — 'Our DoD includes code review, unit tests, and staging deployment'
💡 Dica
Em empresas globais, Agile vocabulary é o idioma comum. Mesmo equipes que não seguem Scrum puro usam termos como 'sprint', 'backlog' e 'blocker'. A fluência nesses termos é pré-requisito para standups.
Arquitetura e Infraestrutura
Microservices — 'We're migrating from monolith to microservices over the next 18 months'
API (Application Programming Interface) — 'The REST API handles 2M requests per day with 99.9% uptime'
Scalability — 'The architecture needs to scale horizontally to handle Black Friday traffic'
Latency — 'P99 latency increased to 450ms after the last deploy—we need to investigate'
Throughput — 'Current throughput: 5,000 transactions per second at peak'
Load Balancer — 'The load balancer distributes traffic across 8 instances in the auto-scaling group'
Container / Docker / Kubernetes — 'All services run in Kubernetes clusters with automated scaling'
CI/CD (Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment) — 'Our CI/CD pipeline runs 2,400 tests in 8 minutes'
Cloud Infrastructure (AWS/GCP/Azure) — 'We're multi-cloud: AWS for compute, GCP for data, Azure for enterprise clients'
Observability / Monitoring — 'Observability stack: Datadog for metrics, PagerDuty for alerting, Grafana for dashboards'
💡 Dica
P99 latency = o tempo de resposta para 99% das requisições. É mais relevante que média porque captura os piores casos. Em architecture reviews, sempre fale em percentis, não em médias.
Desenvolvimento e Qualidade de Código
Tech Debt — 'We're allocating 20% of sprint capacity to address critical tech debt'
Code Review / PR (Pull Request) — 'PR review SLA: all PRs reviewed within 4 business hours'
Refactoring — 'The refactoring of the payment module reduced code complexity by 40%'
Unit Test / Integration Test / E2E Test — 'Test coverage is at 78%—target is 85% by Q4'
Bug / Defect — 'P1 bugs must be addressed within 4 hours; P2 within 24 hours'
Hotfix — 'We deployed a hotfix for the authentication issue at 2 AM'
Feature Flag — 'The feature is behind a flag—we can roll it out to 10% of users first'
Dependency — 'Upgrading the dependency to v3.0 requires migration of 14 services'
Technical Specification / Tech Spec — 'The tech spec must be approved by 2 senior engineers before development starts'
Deprecation — 'API v1 deprecation timeline: sunset notice in Q2, hard cutoff in Q4'
💡 Dica
Tech debt é uma das conversas mais importantes entre engineering e business. Use analogias financeiras: 'We're paying interest on this debt every sprint in the form of slower velocity and more bugs.'
Produto e Dados
MVP (Minimum Viable Product) — 'The MVP scope is login, search, and checkout—nothing else'
Product-Market Fit — 'Retention data suggests we've achieved product-market fit in the SMB segment'
A/B Test — 'The A/B test on the checkout flow showed a 12% lift in conversion'
Feature Request — 'The top 3 feature requests from enterprise clients: SSO, audit log, and API access'
Roadmap — 'The H2 roadmap prioritizes platform stability over new features'
OKRs (Objectives and Key Results) — 'Engineering OKR: reduce P1 incidents by 50% by end of Q4'
Data Pipeline — 'The data pipeline processes 2TB daily from 14 sources into the data warehouse'
ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) — 'ETL jobs run nightly with a 4-hour processing window'
Dashboard — 'The executive dashboard shows real-time KPIs: revenue, DAU, churn, and NPS'
SLA (Service Level Agreement) — 'Our SLA guarantees 99.95% uptime—that's less than 22 minutes of downtime per month'
💡 Dica
Em product reviews com stakeholders não-técnicos, traduza métricas técnicas em impacto de negócio. Não diga 'latency increased 200ms'. Diga 'page load time increased, which correlates with 3% drop in conversion'.
Frases para Reuniões Técnicas com Times Globais
Let me share my screen and walk you through the architecture — contexto: início de tech review
The trade-off here is between speed and reliability — contexto: decisão de arquitetura
This is a known issue — we have a ticket for it — contexto: quando alguém reporta um bug já documentado
Can we timebox this discussion to 10 minutes? — contexto: manter a reunião produtiva
What's the blast radius if this fails? — contexto: avaliar risco de um deploy ou mudança
We need to scope this down — the current estimate is too large — contexto: reduzir escopo de feature
Let's take this offline — it's too detailed for this forum — contexto: mover discussão técnica para grupo menor
Is this a must-have or a nice-to-have for launch? — contexto: priorização de features
The root cause was a race condition in the caching layer — contexto: post-mortem de incidente
We should do a blameless post-mortem on this incident — contexto: após um incidente de produção
💡 Dica
'Blast radius' é uma metáfora muito usada em engenharia: se algo falha, quantos usuários/serviços são impactados? 'Blameless post-mortem' é essencial em culturas de engenharia maduras—foca no sistema, não na pessoa.
Perguntas frequentes
Preciso saber programar para usar esse vocabulário?
Qual a diferença entre tech lead e engineering manager?
Como explicar tech debt para stakeholders não-técnicos em inglês?
Standups em inglês: como não travar?
Templates ajudam. Contexto define.
Essas frases são ferramentas. Mas só funcionam se você souber quando usar e como adaptar ao seu contexto específico.
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